Abstract.

In this paper, we analyze the celebrated Haken–Kelso–Bunz model, describing the dynamics of bimanual coordination, in the presence of delay. We study the linear dynamics, stability, nonlinear behavior, and bifurcations of this model by both theoretical and numerical analysis. We calculate in-phase and antiphase limit cycles as well as quasi-periodic solutions via double Hopf bifurcation analysis and center manifold reduction. Moreover, we uncover further details on the global dynamic behavior by numerical continuation, including the occurrence of limit cycles in phase quadrature and 1-1 locking of quasi-periodic solutions.

Keywords

  1. Haken–Kelso–Bunz model
  2. delays
  3. motor coordination

MSC codes

  1. 37G15
  2. 37G25
  3. 34C15
  4. 34C23
  5. 34C25
  6. 37N25

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Supplementary Materials

Index of Supplementary Materials
Title of paper: The Effects of Delay on the HKB Model of Human Motor Coordination
Authors: L. I. Allen, T. G. Molnár, Z. Dombóvári, and S. J. Hogan
File: M153151_01.pdf
Type: PDF
Contents: A short description of how to use the code contained in M153151_02.zip.
File: M153151_02.zip
Type: Compressed Code Files
Contents: Code used to obtain the results in the paper.

References

1.
D. Avitabile, P. Słowiński, B. Bardy, and K. Tsaneva-Atanasova, Beyond in-phase and anti-phase coordination in a model of joint action, Biol. Cybernet., 110 (2016), pp. 201–216.
2.
A. Banerjee and V. K. Jirsa, How do neural connectivity and time delays influence bimanual coordination?, Biol. Cybernet., 96 (2006), pp. 265–278.
3.
S. J. Bhatt and C. S. Hsu, Stability criteria for second-order dynamical systems with time lag, Trans. ASME J. Appl. Mech., 33 (1966), pp. 113–118.
4.
M. M. Bosschaert, S. G. Janssens, and Y. A. Kuznetsov, Switching to nonhyperbolic cycles from codimension two bifurcations of equilibria of delay differential equations, SIAM J. Appl. Dyn. Syst., 19 (2020), pp. 252–303, https://doi.org/10.1137/19M1243993.
5.
J. Bourbousson, C. Seve, and T. McGarry, Space-time coordination dynamics in basketball: Part 1. Intra- and inter-couplings among player dyads, J. Sports Sci., 28 (2010), pp. 339–347.
6.
J. J. Buchanan and Y. U. Ryu, One-to-one and polyrhythmic temporal coordination in bimanual circle tracing, J. Motor Behav., 38 (2006), pp. 163–184.
7.
S. A. Campbell, Calculating centre manifolds for delay differential equations using MapleTM, in Delay Differential Equations, D. E. Gilsinn, T. Kalmár-Nagy, and B. Balachandran, eds., Springer, Boston, MA, 2009.
8.
J. F. Cass and S. J. Hogan, Two dimensionless parameters and a mechanical analogue for the HKB model of motor coordination, Biol. Cybernet., 115 (2021), pp. 343–364, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00422-021-00879-5.
9.
J. J. Collins and I. N. Stewart, Coupled nonlinear oscillators and the symmetries of animal gaits, J. Nonlinear Sci., 3 (1993), pp. 349–392.
10.
E. J. Doedel, W. Govaerts, and Y. A. Kuznetsov, Computation of periodic solution bifurcations in ODEs using bordered systems, SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 41 (2003), pp. 401–435.
11.
Z. Dombóvári and G. Stépán, On the bistable zone of milling processes, Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. A, 373 (2015).
12.
R. Duarte, D. Araujo, K. Davids, B. Travassos, V. Gazimba, and J. Sampaio, Interpersonal coordination tendencies shape 1-vs-1 sub-phase performance outcomes in youth soccer, J. Sports Sci., 30 (2012), pp. 871–877.
13.
K. Engelborghs, T. Luzyanina, and D. Roose, Numerical bifurcation analysis of delay differential equations using DDE-BIFTOOL, ACM Trans. Math. Software, 28 (2002), pp. 1–21.
14.
J. Guckenheimer and P. Holmes, Nonlinear Oscillations, Dynamical Systems, and Bifurcations of Vector Fields, Springer, New York, 1983.
15.
H. Haken, J. A. S. Kelso, and H. Bunz, A theoretical model of phase transitions in human hand movements, Biol. Cybernet., 51 (1985), pp. 347–356.
16.
J. K. Hale and S. M. Verduyn Lunel, Introduction to Functional Differential Equations, Appl. Math. Sci. 99, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1993.
17.
B. D. Hassard, N. D. Kazarinoff, and Y. H. Wan, Theory and Applications of Hopf Bifurcations, London Math. Soc. Lecture Note Ser. 41, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1981.
18.
C. S. Hsu and S. J. Bhatt, Stability charts for second-order dynamical systems with time lag, Trans. ASME J. Appl. Mech., 33 (1966), pp. 119–124.
19.
T. Kalmár-Nagy, G. Stépán, and F. C. Moon, Subcritical Hopf bifurcation in the delay equation model for machine tool vibrations, Nonlinear Dyn., 26 (2001), pp. 121–142.
20.
B. A. Kay, J. A. S. Kelso, E. L. Saltzman, and G. S. Schöner, Space-time behavior of single and bimanual rhythmical movements: Data and limit cycle model, J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform., 13 (1987), pp. 178–190.
21.
J. A. S. Kelso, On the oscillatory basis of movement, Bull. Psychonomic Soc., 18 (1981), pp. 63–63.
22.
J. A. S. Kelso, Dynamic Patterns: The Self-organization of Brain and Behavior, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1995.
23.
J. A. S. Kelso, The Haken-Kelso-Bunz (HKB) model: From matter to movement to mind, Biol. Cybernet., 115 (2021), pp. 305–322, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00422-021-00890-w.
24.
E. Knobloch, Normal form coefficients for the nonresonant double Hopf bifurcation, Phys. Lett. A, 116 (1986), pp. 365–369.
25.
Y. Kuang, Delay Differential Equations with Applications in Population Dynamics, Academic Press, New York, 1993.
26.
M. Lombardi, D. Liuzza, and M. di Bernardo, Generation and classification of individual behaviours for virtual players control in motor coordination tasks, in Proceedings of the European Control Conference, 2018, pp. 2374–2379.
27.
S. Ma, Q. Lu, and Z. Feng, Double Hopf bifurcation for van der Pol-Duffing oscillator with parametric delay feedback control, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 338 (2008), pp. 993–1007.
28.
T. G. Molnár, Z. Dombóvári, T. Insperger, and G. Stépán, On the analysis of the double Hopf bifurcation in machining processes via centre manifold reduction, Proc. A, 473 (2017).
29.
L. Noy, E. Dekel, and U. Alon, The mirror game as a paradigm for studying the dynamics of two people improvising motion together, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 108 (2011), pp. 20947–20952.
30.
C. Peper, A. Ridderikhoff, A. Daffertshofer, and P. J. Beek, Explanatory limitations of the HKB model: Incentives for a two-tired model of rhythmic interlimb coordination, Hum. Movement Sci., 23 (2004), pp. 673–697.
31.
D. Roose and R. Szalai, Continuation and bifurcation analysis of delay differential equations, in Numerical Continuation Methods for Dynamical Systems: Path Following and Boundary Value Problems, B. Krauskopf, H. M. Osinga, and J. Galán-Vioque, eds., Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2007, pp. 359–399, https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4020-6356-5_12.
32.
F. Schilder, H. M. Osinga, and W. Vogt, Continuation of quasi-periodic invariant tori, SIAM J. Appl. Dyn. Syst., 4 (2005), pp. 459–488.
33.
J. Sieber, K. Engelborghs, T. Luzyanina, G. Samaey, and D. Roose, DDE-BIFTOOL v. 3.1.1 Manual—Bifurcation Analysis of Delay Differential Equations, http://arxiv.org/abs/1406.7144, 2014.
34.
P. Słowiński, S. Al-Ramadhani, and K. Tsaneva-Atanasova, Neurologically motivated coupling functions in models of motor coordination, SIAM J. Appl. Dyn. Syst., 19 (2020), pp. 208–232, https://doi.org/10.1137/19M1279381.
35.
P. Słowiński, F. Alderisio, C. Zhai, Y. Shen, P. Tino, C. Bortolon, D. Capdevielle, L. Cohen, M. Khoramshahi, A. Billard, R. Salesse, M. Gueugnon, L. Marin, B. Bardy, M. di Bernardo, S. Raffard, and K. Tsaneva-Atanasova, Unravelling socio-motor biomarkers in schizophrenia, NPJ Schizophrenia, 3 (2017).
36.
P. Słowiński, K. Tasaneva-Atanasova, and B. Krauskopf, Effects of time-delay in a model of intra- and inter-personal motor coordination, European Phys. J. Spec. Top., 225 (2016), pp. 2591–2600.
37.
M. Varlet, L. Marin, S. Raffard, R. Schmidt, D. Capdevielle, J. P. Boulenger, J. Del-Monte, and B. G. Bardy, Impairments of social motor coordination in schizophrenia, PLoS ONE, 7 (2012), e29772.
38.
A. Washburn, R. W. Kallen, C. A. Coey, K. Shockley, and M. J. Richardson, Harmony from chaos? Perceptual-motor delays enhance behavioral anticipation in social interaction, J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform., 41 (2015), pp. 1166–1177.
39.
C. Zhai, F. Alderisio, P. Słowiński, and K. Tsaneva-Atanasova, Design and validation of a virtual player for studying interpersonal coordination in the mirror game, IEEE Trans. Cybernet., 48 (2018), pp. 1018–1029.
40.
C. Zhai, Y. He, and C.-K. Zhang, Design and validation of feedback controller for social motor coordination with time-varying delays, Control Eng. Pract., 109 (2021), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2021.104756.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems
SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems
Pages: 1 - 25
ISSN (online): 1536-0040

History

Submitted: 28 October 2022
Accepted: 6 August 2023
Published online: 3 January 2024

Keywords

  1. Haken–Kelso–Bunz model
  2. delays
  3. motor coordination

MSC codes

  1. 37G15
  2. 37G25
  3. 34C15
  4. 34C23
  5. 34C25
  6. 37N25

Authors

Affiliations

L. I. Allen
Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, United Kingdom.
T. G. Molnár
Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Z. Dombóvári
MTA-BME Lendület Machine Tool Vibration Research Group, Department of Applied Mechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary.
Corresponding author. Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United Kingdom.

Funding Information

Hungarian Academy of Sciences
Funding: The fourth author received support from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences through its Distinguished Guest Scientist Programme.

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited By

There are no citations for this item

View Options

View options

PDF

View PDF

Full Text

View Full Text

Figures

Tables

Media

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share on social media